During my current practice a disease that shows up frequently is kidney disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) CKD often accompanied other chronic illnesses such as hypertension (HTN) and cardiovascular disease (CV). Noncoding RNAs have been shown to be useful to diagnose and provide prognostic biomarkers in patients with chronic renal disease. (Moreno, et al, 2021) Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) genes represent half of identified human genes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) is an example of a noncoding gene in the human genome, and long no-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) The role played in cellular infrastructure is generic. MiRNAs down-regulate with various combinations of targeted RNAs in tissues. Combined with miRNAs they can control activity of 30% of all protein-coding genes in the genomes. Mutations in these genes have been noted in cancer, developmental disorders, and r diseases affecting adults that may have improved outcomes if diagnosed early. (Naussbaum, 2016) Abnormal levels of certain classes of miRNAs have been reported in a wide variety of cancers, central nervous system disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Although noncoding RNAs are , studies show they can be used in diagnosing and staging of some renal diseases (Moreno, et al, 2021). New therapies are being developed using ncRNAs is currently challenging, but using miRNAs continue to serve an important value to kidney disease. ( Moreno, et al, 2021)The affect or diagnosis that can be made through gene therapy can be beneficial in long term renal diseases like diabetic nephropathy, lupus, and renal cancers. Moreno, J. A., Hamza, E., Guerrero-Hue, M., Rayego-Mateos, S., García-Caballero, C., Vallejo-Mudarra, M., Metzinger, L., & Metzinger-Le Meuth, V. (2021). Non-Coding RNAs in Kidney Diseases: The Long and Short of Them. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(11), 6077. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22116077 Naussbaum, R. L., McInnes, R. R., & Willard, H. F. (2016). Thompson and Thompson genetics in medicine (8th ed.). Elsevier. ISBN-13: 9781437706963