Root Cause Analysis and Safety Improvement Plan are the most important approaches toward ensuring patient safety in a health facility. This paper highlights the important issue of misidentification at St. Joseph Hospital, which affects the safety and quality of care delivered to the patient. Deeper explanations will be given for root causes of such errors through an explanation of problems resulting from poor identification protocols, poor communication among health professionals, and poor implementation of technology. It will also propose evidence-based methods through which these errors can be mitigated by using available resources from the organization which promote safety. A systemic improvement strategy will be imparted in St. Joseph Hospital with the purpose of decreasing identification errors, promoting better patient outcomes and implementing a culture of safety. This paper will cover the discussion on the process of introducing the RCA, analysis of the root causes, applying evidenced-based strategies, and developing a detailed improvement plan. This is Root Cause analysis on the misidentification of patient at St. Joseph Hospital relates an event that led to a serious and critical outcome. The described event involves a patient who was administered wrong medication due to an admission error in patient identification. The event was identified by a nurse performing routine check for medication administration. This error negatively impacted the patient, who had an adverse drug reaction, and substantially troubled the healthcare team, who intervened in the complications caused due to this error. The patient suffered from adverse reactions that required additional medical intervention and monitoring. The health care team had to use extra resources to handle these complications, thus the apparent impact on general workflow and patient care.