Please answer the following questions in 2-3 sentences unless otherwise indicated.

1. Thorndike and Skinner’s theories relied on what common idea?
2. Describe the process of operant conditioning.
3. The terms “positive” and “negative” in operant conditioning refer to the addition or subtraction of stimuli. Why is this confusing for some people?
4. What role does shaping play in learning a behavior?
5. In a paragraph (5-7 sentences), examine the various schedules of reinforcement, as well as their benefits and drawbacks.
6. In a paragraph (5-7 sentences), examine the benefits and drawbacks of punishment as opposed to reinforcement in operant conditioning.