What are the five steps of evidence based practice? Evidence-based practice (EBP) involves a systematic approach to clinical decision-making that integrates the best available evidence with clinical expertise and patient values. The five steps of evidence-based practice are often summarized as follows: Formulating a Clinical Question: Clearly define the clinical question based on a specific patient or population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO). This helps focus the search for relevant evidence. Searching for Evidence: Systematically search for the best available evidence using databases, journals, and other reputable sources. The goal is to find high-quality research studies, systematic reviews, and other relevant information. Critical Appraisal of the Evidence: Evaluate the quality and relevance of the evidence. This involves assessing the validity, reliability, and applicability of research studies. Consider the study design, sample size, methodology, and potential biases. Applying the Evidence to Practice: Integrate the findings from the critical appraisal with clinical expertise and patient preferences. Consider the feasibility and applicability of the evidence to the specific clinical situation. Evaluating the Outcomes: Implement the evidence-based intervention and evaluate its impact on patient outcomes. This step involves monitoring and assessing the effectiveness and appropriateness of the intervention in the specific clinical context. What are the three forms of nursing inquiry? In nursing, there are three forms of inquiry that guide the process of generating knowledge and improving patient care: Scientific Inquiry: Description: This involves observing and accurately describing a phenomenon. In nursing, this might include documenting patient symptoms, behaviors, or responses to interventions. Explanation: Once a phenomenon is described, scientific inquiry seeks to explain why it occurs. This involves identifying patterns and relationships, often through systematic investigation and research. Disciplined Artistic Inquiry: Nursing Practice Wisdom: This form of inquiry draws on the nurse’s clinical experience and intuition, often referred to as “nursing practice wisdom.” It involves using practical knowledge gained through years of hands-on experience to make informed decisions in patient care. Narrative Knowledge: Nurses often share and learn from stories and narratives. These stories contribute to the collective knowledge of the nursing profession and may guide practice in diverse and complex situations. Ethical Inquiry: Moral Discernment: Nursing practice is inherently ethical, and ethical inquiry involves exploring the moral dimensions of patient care. This includes making ethical decisions, considering the values and beliefs of patients, and navigating complex ethical dilemmas. Moral Accountability: Nurses engage in ethical reflection to ensure they are morally accountable for their actions and decisions. This form of inquiry helps nurses navigate situations where ethical principles may be in tension.